MOFCOM and GACC Announcement No. 56 of 2025: Announcement of a Decision to Implement Export Controls on Certain Rare Earth Equipment and Raw Materials
[Issuing Unit] National Security and Control Bureau
[Issuing Document Number] MOFCOM and GACC Announcement No. 56 of 2025
[Issuing Date] October 9, 2025
In accordance with the relevant provisions of the Export Control Law of the People's Republic of China, the Foreign Trade Law of the People's Republic of China, the Customs Law of the People's Republic of China, and the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Export Control of Dual-Use Items, and to safeguard national security and interests and fulfill international obligations such as non-proliferation, with the approval of the State Council, it has been decided to implement export controls on the following items:
I. 2B902 Rare Earth Production and Processing Equipment
(I) 2B902.a. Centrifugal extraction equipment for rare earth production and processing.
(II) 2B902.b. Intelligent continuous impurity removal and precipitation equipment for ionic rare earth ores with a daily leachate processing capacity of 5,000 m3 or more.
(III) 2B902.c. Rare earth roasting kilns having all of the following characteristics:
1. Dimensions ranging from Φ1.8 × 20 m to Φ4.6 × 80 m;
2. Kiln lining materials, including graphite bricks, high-alumina bricks, mullite bricks, and other materials resistant to corrosion by concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid, as well as heat-resistant materials;
3. Reaction temperature ≤ 850°C.
(IV) 2B902.d. Extraction tanks with a mixing chamber volume of 0.5–14.2 m3 for rare earth separation and purification.
(V) 2B902.e. Ion adsorption equipment for rare earth separation and purification.
(VI) 2B902.f. Precipitation and crystallization reactors for rare earths with a reaction tank volume of 10–50 m3.
(VII) 2B902.g. Parts and components for items controlled under 2B902.f:
1. Precipitation crystallization agitators (reference tariff number: 84798999);
2. Stirring paddles (reference tariff number: 84799090);
3. Electric motors with an output power of 5.5 to 37 kW.
(VIII) 2B902.h. Rare earth resistance furnaces (reference tariff number: 85141990) having all of the following characteristics:
1. Reaction temperature 320 to 650°C;
2. Parts and components made of corrosion-resistant materials such as manganese steel and nickel-chromium alloy steel.
(IX) 2B902.i. Any of the following equipment for rare earth metal electrolysis:
1. Electrolysis rectifier equipment;
2. Charging equipment;
3. Rare earth metal siphoning system;
4. Exhaust gas treatment equipment.
(X) 2B902.j. Rare earth electrolytic cells (reference tariff number: 85433000) having all of the following characteristics:
1. Refractory brick-built cell;
2. Graphite anode;
3. Tungsten cathode;
4. Current range: 6000-30000 A;
5. Anode current density: 5-7 A/cm2;
6. Cathode current density: 1-2 A/cm2.
(XI) 2B902.k. Vacuum induction reduction furnaces having all of the following characteristics:
1. Medium-frequency power supply frequency: 1-8 kHz;
2. Heating temperature: 0-1700°C;
3. Vacuum degree: 1×10-3 Pa or greater;
4. Melting capacity: 10-300 kg.
(XII) 2B902.l. Vacuum carbon tube furnaces having all of the following characteristics:
1. Heating temperature 0-1700°C;
2. Vacuum degree greater than or equal to 1×10-3 Pa;
3. Melting capacity 10-300 kg.
(XIII) 2B902.m. Czochralski rare earth crystal growth furnaces (reference tariff number: 85142000) having all of the following characteristics:
1. Heating method: induction heating;
2. Maximum heating temperature greater than or equal to 2300°C;
3. Equipped with automatic diameter control for crystal growth.
(XIV) 2B902.n. Crucible-down rare earth crystal growth furnaces (reference tariff number: 85141990) having all of the following characteristics:
1. Heating method: resistance heating;
2. Maximum heating temperature greater than or equal to 1400°C;
3. Equipped with multi-temperature zone heating.
(XV) 2B902.o. Rare earth permanent magnet vacuum induction casting furnaces:
1. Periodic vacuum induction casting furnaces (reference tariff number: 85142000);
2. Induction heating vacuum melting furnaces.
(XVI) 2B902.p. Components for items controlled by item 2B902.o:
1. Water-cooled cables;
2. Copper rollers;
3. Crucibles;
4. Inclination controllers;
5. Cooling systems.
(XVII) 2B902.q. Rare earth permanent magnet hydrogen crushing furnaces:
1. Continuous atmosphere heat treatment furnaces;
2. Rotary hydrogen crushing furnaces;
3. Explosion-proof continuous hydrogen crushing furnaces.
(XVIII) 2B902.r. Components for items controlled by item 2B902.q:
1. Valves;
2. Hydrogen manifolds.
(XIX) 2B902.s. Jet mills for rare earth permanent magnets having all of the following characteristics:
1. Particle size 5 μm or less;
2. Total powder yield 99% or greater;
3. Internal oxygen content 80 ppm or less.
(XX) 2B902.t. Rare earth permanent magnet forming presses with a magnetic field having a magnetic induction intensity of 1.5 T or greater.
(XXI) 2B902.u. Automatic hot pressing equipment for rare earth permanent magnets.
(XXII) 2B902.v. Cold isostatic pressing presses for rare earth permanent magnets not controlled by item 2B104 (reference tariff number: 84798310).
(XXIII) 2B902.w. Any of the following rare earth permanent magnet vacuum sintering furnaces with a cooling time of 20 minutes or less, a heating temperature of 500-1200°C, and a temperature uniformity within ±3°C at 1000°C:
1. Single-unit horizontal sintering furnace;
2. Continuous vacuum sintering furnace;
3. Vertical sintering furnace.
(XXIV) 2B902.x. Equipment for rare earth magnet processing:
1. Multi-wire saw;
2. Laser cutting equipment;
3. Automatic bonding machine;
4. Vertical grinding machine;
5. Double-sided grinding machine;
6. End grinding machine;
7. Through-type grinding machine.
(XXV) 2B902.y. Grain boundary diffusion equipment:
1. Physical vapor deposition magnetron sputtering coating equipment (reference tariff number: 84798999);
2. Rare earth permanent magnet vacuum diffusion furnace;
3. Screen printing device for rare earth permanent magnets. (XXVI) 2B902.z. Shaft kilns with a size of 19 x 21 m or greater for recycling rare earth secondary resources.
II. Items related to 1C914 rare earth raw and auxiliary materials
(I) 1C914.a. Rare earth ores (reference tariff number: 25309020):
1. Bastnaesite;
2. Monazite;
3. Ion-adsorption rare earth ores.
(II) 1C914.b. Rare earth ore flotation reagents containing hydroxamic acid or phosphate collectors.
(III) 1C914.c. Extractants used in rare earth production:
1. P507: 2-Ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester (CAS 14802-03-0) (Reference tariff number: 29319000);
2. P204: Di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (CAS 298-07-7) (Reference tariff number: 29199000);
3. Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (CAS 1338-24-5) (Reference tariff number: 38249999);
4. N235: Trioctyldecyl tertiary amine (CAS 68814-95-9) (Reference tariff number: 38249999);
5. C272: Bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphonic acid (CAS 83411-71-6).
Exporters exporting the aforementioned items must apply for a license from the State Council's commerce department in accordance with the relevant provisions of the "Export Control Law of the People's Republic of China" and the "Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Export Control of Dual-Use Items."
Exporters must ensure the authenticity of goods declared for customs clearance and strengthen identification of export items. For controlled items, they must indicate "dual-use item" in the remarks column of the customs declaration and specify the dual-use item export control code. For non-controlled items with similar parameters, indicators, and performance, they must indicate "not controlled item" in the remarks column of the customs declaration and provide the specific parameters and indicators. If there are doubts about the completeness, accuracy, or authenticity of the information provided, customs will challenge it in accordance with the law, and the export goods will not be released during the challenge period.
This announcement will take effect on November 8, 2025. The "Export Control List of Dual-Use Items of the People's Republic of China" will be updated simultaneously.
MOFCOM, GACC
October 9, 2025
